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language: go
go: master
sudo: false
script: go test ./...

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# subtake
Based on [@haccer](https://github.com/haccer)'s [subjack](https://github.com/haccer/subjack) script for subdomain takeover recon.
## Installation
Requires [Go](https://golang.org/dl/).
`go get github.com/jakejarvis/subtake`
## Usage
### Options
- `-f to-check.txt` is the path to your list of subdomains to check. One subdomain per line. **Required.**
- `-t` is the number of threads to use. (Default: 10)
- `-a` skips CNAME check and sends requests to every URL. (Default: false, but **Highly recommended.**)
- `-timeout` is the number seconds to wait before timing out a check (Default: 10).
- `-o results.txt` is a filename to output results to. If the file ends with `.json`, subtake will automatically switch to JSON format.
- `-v` enables verbose mode. Displays all checks including not vulnerable URLs.
- `-c` Path to file containing JSON fingerprint configuration. (Default: `./fingerprints.json`)
- `-ssl` enforces HTTPS requests which may return a different set of results and increase accuracy.
### Resources
`sonar.sh` can be used first to gather a list of CNAMEs collected by Rapid7/scan.io's [Project Sonar](https://opendata.rapid7.com/sonar.fdns_v2/). This list can then be passed into subtake to return subdomains not in use. `sonar.sh` is based off of [`scanio.sh`](https://gist.github.com/haccer/3698ff6927fc00c8fe533fc977f850f8).
`fingerprints.json` can be modified to add or remove hosted platforms to probe for. Many obscure platforms are included, and removing fingerprints for services that are uninteresting to you can speed up the scan.
### Examples
`./sonar.sh 2018-10-27-1540655191-fdns_cname.json.gz sonar_all_cnames.txt`
`./subtake -f sonar_all_cnames.txt -t 50 -ssl -a -o vulnerable.txt`
## Subdomain Takeovers
- A great explanation of the risks of takeovers and steps to responsibly disclose takeovers to companies: https://0xpatrik.com/subdomain-takeover/
- A comprehensive list of what services are vulnerable and how to proceed once finding them: https://github.com/EdOverflow/can-i-take-over-xyz
## To-Do
- Integrate `sonar.sh` into the main Go script as an option instead of input file.
- All-in-one Docker image to automatically download the latest FDNS Project Sonar file and check for takeover possibilities.

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[
{
"service": "azure",
"cname": [
".azurewebsites.net",
".cloudapp.net",
".cloudapp.azure.com",
".trafficmanager.net",
".blob.core.windows.net",
".azure-api.net",
".azurehdinsight.net",
".azureedge.net"
],
"fingerprint": [],
"nxdomain": true
},
{
"service": "github",
"cname": [
"github.io",
"github.com"
],
"fingerprint": [
"There isn't a GitHub Pages site here."
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "s3 bucket",
"cname": [
"s3-bucket"
],
"fingerprint": [
"The specified bucket does not exist"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "fastly",
"cname": [
"fastly"
],
"fingerprint": [
"Fastly error: unknown domain"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "heroku",
"cname": [
"herokuapp"
],
"fingerprint": [
"herokucdn.com/error-pages/no-such-app.html"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "pantheon",
"cname": [
"pantheonsite.io"
],
"fingerprint": [
"The gods are wise, but do not know of the site which you seek."
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "tumblr",
"cname": [
"domains.tumblr.com"
],
"fingerprint": [
"Whatever you were looking for doesn't currently exist at this address."
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "wordpress",
"cname": [
"wordpress.com"
],
"fingerprint": [
"Do you want to register"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "ghost",
"cname": [
"ghost.io"
],
"fingerprint": [
"The thing you were looking for is no longer here, or never was"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "shopify",
"cname": [
"myshopify.com"
],
"fingerprint": [
"Sorry, this shop is currently unavailable."
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "statuspage",
"cname": [
"statuspage.io"
],
"fingerprint": [
"You are being <a href=\"https://www.statuspage.io\">redirected"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "uservoice",
"cname": [
"uservoice.com"
],
"fingerprint": [
"This UserVoice subdomain is currently available!"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "surge",
"cname": [
"surge.sh"
],
"fingerprint": [
"project not found"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "bitbucket",
"cname": [
"bitbucket.io"
],
"fingerprint": [
"Repository not found"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "brightcove",
"cname": [
"bcvp0rtal.com",
"brightcovegallery.com",
"gallery.video"
],
"fingerprint": [
"<p class=\"bc-gallery-error-code\">Error Code: 404</p>"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "bigcartel",
"cname": [
"bigcartel.com"
],
"fingerprint": [
"<h1>Oops! We could&#8217;t find that page.</h1>"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "acquia",
"cname": [
"acquia-test.co"
],
"fingerprint": [
"The site you are looking for could not be found."
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "zendesk",
"cname": [
"zendesk.com"
],
"fingerprint": [
"Help Center Closed"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "readme",
"cname": [
"readme.io"
],
"fingerprint": [
"Project doesnt exist... yet!"
],
"nxdomain": false
},
{
"service": "maxcdn",
"cname": [
".netdna-cdn.com"
],
"fingerprint": [],
"nxdomain": true
},
{
"service": "apigee",
"cname": [
"-portal.apigee.net"
],
"fingerprint": [],
"nxdomain": true
},
{
"service": "smugmug",
"cname": [
"domains.smugmug.com"
],
"fingerprint": [],
"nxdomain": true
}
]

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package main
import (
"flag"
"fmt"
"os"
"github.com/jakejarvis/subtake/subtake"
)
func main() {
configFile := "fingerprints.json"
o := subtake.Options{}
flag.StringVar(&o.Domains, "f", "", "Path to domains file")
flag.IntVar(&o.Threads, "t", 10, "Number of concurrent threads")
flag.IntVar(&o.Timeout, "timeout", 10, "Seconds to wait before connection timeout")
flag.BoolVar(&o.Ssl, "ssl", false, "Force HTTPS connections")
flag.BoolVar(&o.All, "a", false, "Send requests to every URL, even without identified CNAME")
flag.BoolVar(&o.Verbose, "v", false, "Display all results including not vunerable URLs")
flag.StringVar(&o.Output, "o", "", "Output results to specified file (writes JSON if file ends with '.json')")
flag.StringVar(&o.Config, "c", configFile, "Path to configuration file")
flag.Parse()
flag.Usage = func() {
fmt.Printf("Usage of %s:\n", os.Args[0])
flag.PrintDefaults()
}
if flag.NFlag() == 0 {
flag.Usage()
os.Exit(1)
}
subtake.Process(&o)
}

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#!/bin/bash
# Usage : ./sonar.sh <version number> <file>
# Example: ./sonar.sh 2018-10-27-1540655191-fdns_cname.json.gz cname_list.txt
# Premium
function ech() {
spinner=( "|" "/" "-" "\\" )
while true; do
for i in ${spinner[@]}; do
echo -ne "\r[$i] $1"
sleep 0.15
done
done
}
# Joining elements together
function join_by() {
local IFS=$1
shift
echo "$*"
}
# Kill function
function die() {
disown $1
kill -9 $1
length=$(echo -n $3 | wc -m)
Count=$(($length + 5))
Clear=$(head -c $Count < /dev/zero | tr '\0' '\040')
echo -ne "\r $Clear"
echo -e "\r[*] $2"
}
function run() {
ech "$1" &
pid=$!
eval "$2"
die $pid "$3" "$1"
}
# Gathering data from scans.io / Rapid7 Project Sonar
# Find the latest filename listed at https://opendata.rapid7.com/sonar.fdns_v2/ ending with fdns_cname.json.gz and pass in as first argument
#file=$(echo "2018-10-27-1540655191-fdns_cname.json.gz")
#latest=$(curl -s "https://opendata.rapid7.com/sonar.fdns_v2/" | grep "<td><a" | tail -1 | cut -d'"' -f2)
#file=$(echo $latest | cut -d'/' -f3)
#cmd="wget -q https://opendata.rapid7.com$latest"
#run "Downloading $file (This may take a while)." "$cmd" "Finished Downloading $file"
cmd="wget -q https://opendata.rapid7.com/sonar.fdns_v2/$1"
run "Downloading $1, this may take a while..." "$cmd" "Finished downloading $1."
# Parsing it into a file called cname_scanio
msg="Grepping for CNAME records."
ech $msg &
pid=$!
zcat < $file | grep 'type":"cname' | awk -F'":"' '{print $3, $5}' | \
awk -F'"' '{print $1, $3}' | sed -e s/" type "/" "/g >> cname_scanio
die $pid "CNAME records grepped." $msg
# List of CNAMEs we're going to grep for
declare -a arr=(
"\.cloudfront.net"
"\.s3-website"
"\.s3.amazonaws.com"
"w.amazonaws.com"
"1.amazonaws.com"
"2.amazonaws.com"
"s3-external"
"s3-accelerate.amazonaws.com"
"\.herokuapp.com"
"\.herokudns.com"
"\.wordpress.com"
"\.pantheonsite.io"
"domains.tumblr.com"
"\.zendesk.com"
"\.github.io"
"\.global.fastly.net"
"\.helpjuice.com"
"\.helpscoutdocs.com"
"\.ghost.io"
"cargocollective.com"
"redirect.feedpress.me"
"\.myshopify.com"
"\.statuspage.io"
"\.uservoice.com"
"\.surge.sh"
"\.bitbucket.io"
"custom.intercom.help"
"proxy.webflow.com"
"landing.subscribepage.com"
"endpoint.mykajabi.com"
"\.teamwork.com"
"\.thinkific.com"
"clientaccess.tave.com"
"wishpond.com"
"\.aftership.com"
"ideas.aha.io"
"domains.tictail.com"
"cname.mendix.net"
"\.bcvp0rtal.com"
"\.brightcovegallery.com"
"\.gallery.video"
"\.bigcartel.com"
"\.activehosted.com"
"\.createsend.com"
"\.acquia-test.co"
"\.proposify.biz"
"simplebooklet.com"
"\.gr8.com"
"\.vendecommerce.com"
"\.azurewebsites.net"
"\.cloudapp.net"
"\.trafficmanager.net"
"\.blob.core.windows.net"
)
# Prepare CNAME grep
DOMAINS=$(join_by '|' ${arr[@]})
# Grepping CNAMEs from the array
cmd="grep -Ei '${DOMAINS}' cname_scanio >> cname_db"
run "Sorting CNAME records." "$cmd" "CNAME records sorted."
# Sorting the CNAME list
cmd="cat cname_db | cut -d' ' -f1 | sort | uniq >> $1"
run "Cleaning up." "$cmd" "Cleaned up."
# RM files.
rm cname_db cname_scanio
echo "[+] Finished."

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package subtake
import (
"fmt"
"net"
"strings"
"github.com/miekg/dns"
)
func (s *Subdomain) dns(o *Options) {
config := fingerprints(o.Config)
if o.All {
detect(s.Url, o.Output, o.Ssl, o.Verbose, o.Timeout, config)
} else {
if VerifyCNAME(s.Url, config) {
detect(s.Url, o.Output, o.Ssl, o.Verbose, o.Timeout, config)
}
if o.Verbose {
result := fmt.Sprintf("[Not Vulnerable] %s\n", s.Url)
c := "\u001b[31;1mNot Vulnerable\u001b[0m"
out := strings.Replace(result, "Not Vulnerable", c, -1)
fmt.Printf(out)
if o.Output != "" {
if chkJSON(o.Output) {
writeJSON("", s.Url, o.Output)
} else {
write(result, o.Output)
}
}
}
}
}
func resolve(url string) (cname string) {
cname = ""
d := new(dns.Msg)
d.SetQuestion(url+".", dns.TypeCNAME)
ret, err := dns.Exchange(d, "1.1.1.1:53")
if err != nil {
return
}
for _, a := range ret.Answer {
if t, ok := a.(*dns.CNAME); ok {
cname = t.Target
}
}
return cname
}
func nslookup(domain string) (nameservers []string) {
m := new(dns.Msg)
m.SetQuestion(dotDomain(domain), dns.TypeNS)
ret, err := dns.Exchange(m, "1.1.1.1:53")
if err != nil {
return
}
nameservers = []string{}
for _, a := range ret.Answer {
if t, ok := a.(*dns.NS); ok {
nameservers = append(nameservers, t.Ns)
}
}
return nameservers
}
func nxdomain(nameserver string) bool {
if _, err := net.LookupHost(nameserver); err != nil {
if strings.Contains(fmt.Sprintln(err), "no such host") {
return true
}
}
return false
}

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package subtake
func dotDomain(domain string) string {
return domain + "."
}
func joinHost(server string) string {
return server + ":53"
}

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package subtake
import (
"bufio"
"encoding/json"
"io/ioutil"
"log"
"os"
"strings"
)
type Results struct {
Subdomain string `json:"subdomain"`
Vulnerable bool `json:"vulnerable"`
Service string `json:"service,omitempty"`
Domain string `json:"nonexist_domain,omitempty"`
}
func open(path string) (lines []string, Error error) {
file, err := os.Open(path)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
defer file.Close()
scanner := bufio.NewScanner(file)
for scanner.Scan() {
lines = append(lines, scanner.Text())
}
return lines, scanner.Err()
}
func chkJSON(output string) (json bool) {
json = false
if strings.Contains(output, ".json") {
if output[len(output)-5:] == ".json" {
json = true
}
}
return json
}
func write(result, output string) {
f, err := os.OpenFile(output, os.O_RDWR|os.O_APPEND|os.O_CREATE, 0600)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
defer f.Close()
_, err = f.WriteString(result)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
}
func writeJSON(service, url, output string) {
var r Results
if strings.Contains(service, "DOMAIN") {
r = Results{
Subdomain: strings.ToLower(url),
Vulnerable: true,
Service: "unregistered domain",
Domain: strings.Split(service, " - ")[1],
}
} else {
if service != "" {
r = Results{
Subdomain: strings.ToLower(url),
Vulnerable: true,
Service: strings.ToLower(service),
}
} else {
r = Results{
Subdomain: strings.ToLower(url),
Vulnerable: false,
}
}
}
f, err := os.OpenFile(output, os.O_CREATE|os.O_RDWR, 0600)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
defer f.Close()
file, err := ioutil.ReadAll(f)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
var data []Results
json.Unmarshal(file, &data)
data = append(data, r)
results, _ := json.Marshal(data)
wf, err := os.OpenFile(output, os.O_CREATE|os.O_RDWR, 0600)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
wf.Write(results)
}
func fingerprints(file string) (data []Fingerprints) {
config, err := ioutil.ReadFile(file)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
err = json.Unmarshal(config, &data)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
return data
}

168
subtake/fingerprint.go Normal file
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package subtake
import (
"bytes"
"fmt"
"strings"
)
type Verify struct {
Body string `json:"body"`
Size int `json:"size"`
Ssl bool `json:"ssl"`
Cname bool `json:"cname"`
}
type Fingerprints struct {
Service string `json:"service"`
Cname []string `json:"cname"`
Fingerprint []string `json:"fingerprint"`
Nxdomain bool `json:"nxdomain"`
Checks Verify `json:"verify"`
}
/*
* Triage step to check whether the CNAME matches
* the fingerprinted CNAME of a vulnerable cloud service.
*/
func VerifyCNAME(subdomain string, config []Fingerprints) (match bool) {
match = false
cname := resolve(subdomain)
VERIFY:
for n := range config {
for c := range config[n].Cname {
if strings.Contains(subdomain, config[n].Cname[c]) {
match = false
break VERIFY
}
}
for c := range config[n].Cname {
if strings.Contains(cname, config[n].Cname[c]) {
// fmt.Printf(config[n].Cname[c])
match = true
break VERIFY
}
}
}
return match
}
func detect(url, output string, ssl bool, verbose bool, timeout int, config []Fingerprints) {
service := Identify(url, ssl, timeout, config)
if service != "" {
result := fmt.Sprintf("[%s]\t\t%s\n", service, url)
c := fmt.Sprintf("\u001b[32;1m%s\u001b[0m", service)
out := strings.Replace(result, service, c, -1)
fmt.Printf(out)
if output != "" {
if chkJSON(output) {
writeJSON(service, url, output)
} else {
write(result, output)
}
}
}
if service == "" && verbose {
result := fmt.Sprintf("[Not Vulnerable]\t\t%s\n", url)
c := "\u001b[31;1mNot Vulnerable\u001b[0m"
out := strings.Replace(result, "Not Vulnerable", c, -1)
fmt.Printf(out)
if output != "" {
if chkJSON(output) {
writeJSON(service, url, output)
} else {
write(result, output)
}
}
}
}
/*
* This function aims to identify whether the subdomain
* is attached to a vulnerable cloud service and able to
* be taken over.
*/
func Identify(subdomain string, forceSSL bool, timeout int, fingerprints []Fingerprints) (service string) {
body := get(subdomain, forceSSL, timeout)
cname := resolve(subdomain)
if len(cname) <= 3 {
cname = ""
}
service = ""
nx := nxdomain(subdomain)
IDENTIFY:
for f := range fingerprints {
// Begin subdomain checks if the subdomain returns NXDOMAIN
if nx {
// Check if subdomain matches fingerprinted cname
if fingerprints[f].Nxdomain {
for n := range fingerprints[f].Cname {
if strings.Contains(cname, fingerprints[f].Cname[n]) {
service = fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", fingerprints[f].Service, cname)
break IDENTIFY
}
}
}
}
// Check if body matches fingerprinted response
for n := range fingerprints[f].Fingerprint {
if bytes.Contains(body, []byte(fingerprints[f].Fingerprint[n])) {
service = fmt.Sprintf("%s: %s", fingerprints[f].Service, cname)
break
}
}
/* This next section is for if we need to do a
* 2nd verification check defined in the config. */
/* Double check for another fingerprint in response
* Or check if requesting with HTTPS has a similar
* response */
if fingerprints[f].Checks.Body != "" {
if !bytes.Contains(body, []byte(fingerprints[f].Checks.Body)) {
service = ""
}
if fingerprints[f].Checks.Ssl {
if !forceSSL {
bd := https(subdomain, forceSSL, timeout)
if len(bd) != 0 && !bytes.Contains(body, []byte(fingerprints[f].Checks.Body)) {
service = ""
}
}
}
}
// Check if response matches fingerprinted length.
if fingerprints[f].Checks.Size != 0 {
if len(body) != fingerprints[f].Checks.Size {
service = ""
}
}
/* For now this just checks whether a CNAME is actually attached.
* Was having some issues using strings.Contains(cname, fingerprints[f].Cname[0])
*/
if fingerprints[f].Checks.Cname {
if cname == "" {
service = ""
}
}
}
return service
}

34
subtake/requests.go Normal file
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package subtake
import (
"github.com/valyala/fasthttp"
"time"
)
func get(url string, ssl bool, timeout int) (body []byte) {
req := fasthttp.AcquireRequest()
req.SetRequestURI(site(url, ssl))
req.Header.Add("Connection", "close")
resp := fasthttp.AcquireResponse()
client := &fasthttp.Client{}
client.DoTimeout(req, resp, time.Duration(timeout)*time.Second)
return resp.Body()
}
func https(url string, ssl bool, timeout int) (body []byte) {
newUrl := "https://" + url
body = get(newUrl, ssl, timeout)
return body
}
func site(url string, ssl bool) (site string) {
site = "http://" + url
if ssl {
site = "https://" + url
}
return site
}

50
subtake/subtake.go Normal file
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package subtake
import (
"log"
"sync"
)
type Options struct {
Domains string
Threads int
Timeout int
Output string
Ssl bool
All bool
Verbose bool
Config string
}
type Subdomain struct {
Url string
}
/* Start processing from the defined options. */
func Process(o *Options) {
urls := make(chan *Subdomain, o.Threads*10)
list, err := open(o.Domains)
if err != nil {
log.Fatalln(err)
}
wg := new(sync.WaitGroup)
for i := 0; i < o.Threads; i++ {
wg.Add(1)
go func() {
for url := range urls {
url.dns(o)
}
wg.Done()
}()
}
for i := 0; i < len(list); i++ {
urls <- &Subdomain{Url: list[i]}
}
close(urls)
wg.Wait()
}