refactor: remove @t3-oss/env-nextjs, use process.env directly

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>

lib/auth-client.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 import { createAuthClient } from "better-auth/react";
-import { env } from "@/lib/env";
 
 export const authClient = createAuthClient({
-  baseURL: env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL,
+  baseURL: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL,
 });
 
 export const { signIn, signUp, useSession } = authClient;

lib/auth.ts

@@ -3,10 +3,9 @@ import { drizzleAdapter } from "better-auth/adapters/drizzle";
 import { nextCookies } from "better-auth/next-js";
 import { db } from "@/lib/db";
 import * as schema from "@/lib/db/schema";
-import { env } from "@/lib/env";
 
 export const auth = betterAuth({
-  baseURL: env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL,
+  baseURL: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL,
   database: drizzleAdapter(db, {
     provider: "pg",
     schema,
@@ -14,8 +13,10 @@ export const auth = betterAuth({
   plugins: [nextCookies()],
   socialProviders: {
     github: {
-      clientId: env.AUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_ID,
-      clientSecret: env.AUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET,
+      // biome-ignore lint/style/noNonNullAssertion: expected to be set in env
+      clientId: process.env.AUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_ID!,
+      // biome-ignore lint/style/noNonNullAssertion: expected to be set in env
+      clientSecret: process.env.AUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET!,
       mapProfileToUser: (profile) => ({
         name: profile.login,
         email: profile.email,

lib/build-feed.ts

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { Feed, type Item as FeedItem } from "feed";
 import ogImage from "@/app/opengraph-image.jpg";
 import authorConfig from "@/lib/config/author";
 import siteConfig from "@/lib/config/site";
-import { env } from "@/lib/env";
+
 import { getContent, getFrontMatter } from "@/lib/posts";
 
 /**
@@ -11,20 +11,20 @@ import { getContent, getFrontMatter } from "@/lib/posts";
  */
 export const buildFeed = async (): Promise<Feed> => {
   const feed = new Feed({
-    id: `${env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}`,
-    link: `${env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}`,
+    id: `${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}`,
+    link: `${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}`,
     title: siteConfig.name,
     description: siteConfig.description,
     copyright: `https://spdx.org/licenses/${siteConfig.license}.html`,
     updated: new Date(),
-    image: `${env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}${ogImage.src}`,
+    image: `${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}${ogImage.src}`,
     feedLinks: {
-      rss: `${env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}/feed.xml`,
-      atom: `${env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}/feed.atom`,
+      rss: `${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}/feed.xml`,
+      atom: `${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}/feed.atom`,
     },
     author: {
       name: authorConfig.name,
-      link: env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL,
+      link: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL,
       email: authorConfig.email,
     },
   });
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ export const buildFeed = async (): Promise<Feed> => {
       author: [
         {
           name: authorConfig.name,
-          link: `${env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}`,
+          link: `${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}`,
         },
       ],
       date: new Date(post.date),

lib/db/index.ts

@@ -2,11 +2,10 @@ import { attachDatabasePool } from "@vercel/functions";
 import { drizzle } from "drizzle-orm/node-postgres";
 import { Pool } from "pg";
 import * as schema from "@/lib/db/schema";
-import { env } from "@/lib/env";
 
 // Create explicit pool instance for better connection management
 const pool = new Pool({
-  connectionString: env.DATABASE_URL,
+  connectionString: process.env.DATABASE_URL,
 });
 
 // Attach to Vercel's pool management to ensure idle connections are properly

lib/env.ts

@@ -1,142 +0,0 @@
-import { createEnv } from "@t3-oss/env-nextjs";
-import { z } from "zod";
-
-export const env = createEnv({
-  server: {
-    /**
-     * Required. A random value used for authentication encryption.
-     *
-     * @see https://www.better-auth.com/docs/installation#set-environment-variables
-     */
-    AUTH_SECRET: z.string().min(1),
-
-    /**
-     * Required. The client ID from the GitHub Developer Portal for this site's OAuth App.
-     *
-     * @see https://www.better-auth.com/docs/authentication/github
-     */
-    AUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_ID: z.string().min(1),
-
-    /**
-     * Required. A client secret from the GitHub Developer Portal for this site's OAuth App.
-     *
-     * @see https://www.better-auth.com/docs/authentication/github
-     */
-    AUTH_GITHUB_CLIENT_SECRET: z.string().min(1),
-
-    /**
-     * Required. Database connection string for a Postgres database.
-     */
-    DATABASE_URL: z.string().startsWith("postgresql://"),
-
-    /**
-     * Required. GitHub API token used for [/projects](../app/projects/page.tsx) grid. Only needs the `public_repo`
-     * scope since we don't need/want to change anything, obviously.
-     *
-     * @see https://github.com/settings/tokens/new?scopes=public_repo
-     */
-    GITHUB_TOKEN: z.string().startsWith("ghp_").optional(),
-
-    /**
-     * Required. Uses Resend API to send contact form submissions via a [server action](../app/contact/action.ts). May
-     * be set automatically by Vercel's Resend integration.
-     *
-     * @see https://resend.com/api-keys
-     * @see https://vercel.com/integrations/resend
-     */
-    RESEND_API_KEY: z.string().startsWith("re_"),
-
-    /**
-     * Optional, but will throw a warning if unset. Use an approved domain (or subdomain) on the Resend account to send
-     * submissions from. Sender's real email is passed via a Reply-To header, so setting this makes zero difference to
-     * the user, only for deliverability success. Defaults to `onboarding@resend.dev`.
-     *
-     * @see https://resend.com/domains
-     */
-    RESEND_FROM_EMAIL: z.string().email().default("onboarding@resend.dev"),
-
-    /** Required. The destination email for contact form submissions. */
-    RESEND_TO_EMAIL: z.string().email(),
-  },
-  client: {
-    /**
-     * Optional. We try to make an educated guess for the most appropriate URL based on the current deployment's
-     * environment and platform (if Vercel or Netlify), but you can override it by simply setting this manually. Must be
-     * a fully-qualified URL if set beginning with `http(s)://`, and should not end with a trailing slash.
-     *
-     * @see https://nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/generate-metadata#default-value
-     */
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL: z
-      .string()
-      .url()
-      .default(
-        ((): string =>
-          (process.env.VERCEL || process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_VERCEL
-            ? process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_VERCEL_ENV === "production"
-              ? `https://${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_VERCEL_PROJECT_PRODUCTION_URL}`
-              : process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_VERCEL_ENV === "preview"
-                ? `https://${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_VERCEL_BRANCH_URL}`
-                : process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_VERCEL_URL
-                  ? `https://${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_VERCEL_URL}`
-                  : undefined
-            : undefined) ||
-          (process.env.NETLIFY
-            ? process.env.CONTEXT === "production"
-              ? `${process.env.URL}`
-              : process.env.DEPLOY_PRIME_URL
-                ? `${process.env.DEPLOY_PRIME_URL}`
-                : process.env.DEPLOY_URL
-                  ? `${process.env.DEPLOY_URL}`
-                  : undefined
-            : undefined) ||
-          `http://localhost:${process.env.PORT || 3000}`)(),
-      ),
-
-    /**
-     * Optional. Set this to override the best guess as to the environment the site is running in.
-     */
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_ENV: z
-      .enum(["production", "development"])
-      .default(
-        ((): "production" | "development" =>
-          (process.env.VERCEL && process.env.VERCEL_ENV === "production") ||
-          (process.env.NETLIFY && process.env.CONTEXT === "production")
-            ? "production"
-            : "development")(),
-      ),
-
-    /** Required. GitHub repository for the site in the format of `{username}/{repo}`. */
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_GITHUB_REPO: z.string().refine((val) => val.includes("/"), {
-      message: "Must be in the format {username}/{repo}",
-    }),
-
-    /** Required. GitHub username of the author, used to generate [/projects](../app/projects/page.tsx). */
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_GITHUB_USERNAME: z.string().min(1),
-
-    /**
-     * Optional. Sets an `Onion-Location` header in responses to advertise a URL for the same page but hosted on a
-     * hidden service on the Tor network. Browsers like Brave and Tor Browser will automatically pick this up and offer
-     * to redirect users to it.
-     *
-     * @see https://community.torproject.org/onion-services/advanced/onion-location/
-     */
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_ONION_DOMAIN: z.string().endsWith(".onion").optional(),
-
-    /**
-     * Optional. Locale code to define the site's language in ISO-639 format. Defaults to `en-US`.
-     *
-     * @see https://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php
-     */
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_SITE_LOCALE: z.string().default("en-US"),
-  },
-  experimental__runtimeEnv: {
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL,
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_ENV: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_ENV,
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_GITHUB_REPO: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_GITHUB_REPO,
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_GITHUB_USERNAME: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_GITHUB_USERNAME,
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_ONION_DOMAIN: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_ONION_DOMAIN,
-    NEXT_PUBLIC_SITE_LOCALE: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SITE_LOCALE,
-  },
-  emptyStringAsUndefined: true,
-  skipValidation: !!process.env.SKIP_ENV_VALIDATION,
-});

lib/metadata.ts

@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 import type { Metadata } from "next";
 import authorConfig from "@/lib/config/author";
 import siteConfig from "@/lib/config/site";
-import { env } from "@/lib/env";
 
 export const defaultMetadata: Metadata = {
-  metadataBase: new URL(env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL),
+  // biome-ignore lint/style/noNonNullAssertion: expected to be set in env
+  metadataBase: new URL(process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL!),
   title: {
     template: `%s – ${siteConfig.name}`,
     default: `${siteConfig.name} – ${siteConfig.tagline}`,
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ export const defaultMetadata: Metadata = {
       default: `${siteConfig.name} – ${siteConfig.tagline}`,
     },
     url: "/",
-    locale: env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SITE_LOCALE.replace("-", "_"),
+    locale: process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_SITE_LOCALE?.replace("-", "_"),
     type: "website",
   },
   twitter: {

lib/posts.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import path from "node:path";
 import glob from "fast-glob";
 import { decode } from "html-entities";
 import { unified } from "unified";
-import { env } from "@/lib/env";
+
 import { rehypeSanitize, rehypeStringify } from "@/lib/rehype";
 import {
   remarkFrontmatter,
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ export const getFrontMatter: {
         slug,
         // validate/normalize the date string provided from front matter
         date: new Date(frontmatter.date).toISOString(),
-        permalink: `${env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}/${POSTS_DIR}/${slug}`,
+        permalink: `${process.env.NEXT_PUBLIC_BASE_URL}/${POSTS_DIR}/${slug}`,
       } as FrontMatter;
     } catch (error) {
       console.error(

lib/server/contact.ts

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 import { checkBotId } from "botid/server";
 import { Resend } from "resend";
 import siteConfig from "@/lib/config/site";
-import { env } from "@/lib/env";
+
 import { ContactSchema } from "@/lib/schemas/contact";
 
 export type ContactResult = {
@@ -39,18 +39,19 @@ export const sendContactForm = async (
   }
 
   try {
-    if (env.RESEND_FROM_EMAIL === "onboarding@resend.dev") {
+    if (process.env.RESEND_FROM_EMAIL === "onboarding@resend.dev") {
       // https://resend.com/docs/api-reference/emails/send-email
       console.warn(
         "[server/contact] 'RESEND_FROM_EMAIL' is not set, falling back to onboarding@resend.dev.",
       );
     }
 
-    const resend = new Resend(env.RESEND_API_KEY);
+    const resend = new Resend(process.env.RESEND_API_KEY);
     await resend.emails.send({
-      from: `${parsed.data.name} <${env.RESEND_FROM_EMAIL || "onboarding@resend.dev"}>`,
+      from: `${parsed.data.name} <${process.env.RESEND_FROM_EMAIL || "onboarding@resend.dev"}>`,
       replyTo: `${parsed.data.name} <${parsed.data.email}>`,
-      to: [env.RESEND_TO_EMAIL],
+      // biome-ignore lint/style/noNonNullAssertion: expected to be set in env
+      to: [process.env.RESEND_TO_EMAIL!],
       subject: `[${siteConfig.name}] Contact Form Submission`,
       text: parsed.data.message,
     });